[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.crho.cz\/4-prostredky-kterymi-lze-letet-do-vesmiru\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.crho.cz\/4-prostredky-kterymi-lze-letet-do-vesmiru\/","headline":"4 PROST\u0158EDKY, KTER\u00ddMI LZE LET\u011aT DO VESM\u00cdRU","name":"4 PROST\u0158EDKY, KTER\u00ddMI LZE LET\u011aT DO VESM\u00cdRU","description":"1. Projekt Daedalus Projekt Daedalus je konstruk\u010dn\u00ed koncept pro mezihv\u011bzdnou sondu, kter\u00fd byl v 70. letech vytvo\u0159en skupinou technick\u00fdch specialist\u016f pro britskou meziplanet\u00e1rn\u00ed spole\u010dnost. C\u00edlovou destinac\u00ed hv\u011bzda \u010cerven\u00e1 trpasl\u00edk (Barnardova […]","datePublished":"2025-03-01","dateModified":"2023-05-04","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.crho.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"crho.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.crho.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9bbe1b3bd68cf5b616cc697a459b86e3be4df6c120806baf939f8aad94b0a3d6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9bbe1b3bd68cf5b616cc697a459b86e3be4df6c120806baf939f8aad94b0a3d6?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"crho.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.crho.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a293680_w2319_t1505882221.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.crho.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a293680_w2319_t1505882221.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.crho.cz\/4-prostredky-kterymi-lze-letet-do-vesmiru\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":495,"articleBody":" 1. Projekt Daedalus Projekt Daedalus je konstruk\u010dn\u00ed koncept pro mezihv\u011bzdnou sondu, kter\u00fd byl v 70. letech vytvo\u0159en skupinou technick\u00fdch specialist\u016f pro britskou meziplanet\u00e1rn\u00ed spole\u010dnost. C\u00edlovou destinac\u00ed hv\u011bzda \u010cerven\u00e1 trpasl\u00edk (Barnardova hv\u011bzda) asi 6 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let daleko, podobn\u011b jako Proxima Centauri, kde astronomov\u00e9 nyn\u00ed hl\u00e1s\u00ed, \u017ee nalezli zn\u00e1mky potenci\u00e1ln\u011b obytn\u00e9 planety.  V\u00fdsledkem p\u011btilet\u00e9ho projektu byla konstrukce kosmick\u00e9 lodi Daedalus, dvoustup\u0148ov\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 rakety o rozloze 54 000 tun, kter\u00e1 by zv\u00fd\u0161ila 400 tunovou robotickou sondu na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 12 procent rychlosti sv\u011btla. To by umo\u017enilo sond\u011b prov\u00e9st sv\u011btelnou cestu do Barnardovy hv\u011bzdy za pades\u00e1t let. Rakety kosmick\u00e9 lodi Daedalus jsou poh\u00e1n\u011bny jadernou f\u00faz\u00ed. Daedalus je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd na to, aby se mohl zvednout z povrchu Zem\u011b, a tak by musel b\u00fdt postaven na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze.   2. Projekt Icarus Projekt Icarus je navr\u017een tak, aby dos\u00e1hl jak\u00e9koliv hv\u011bzdy ve vzd\u00e1lenosti 22 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let Zem\u011b, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l b\u00fdt obytn\u00e1, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee pokud se existence planety potvrd\u00ed kolem Proxima Centauri, m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t c\u00edlovou destinac\u00ed. Projekt Icarus m\u00e1 za c\u00edl aktualizovat design Daedalus. Mezi vylep\u0161en\u00ed jsou navr\u017eeny f\u00fazn\u00ed raketov\u00e9 motory, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jin\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 palivo. Sonda Icarus by mohla b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 men\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e sonda projektu Daedalus, d\u00edky pokrok\u016fm v elektronick\u00e9 miniaturizaci a robotice a budouc\u00edm nanotechnologi\u00edm.  3. Lehk\u00e1 plachta Nejlep\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm mezihv\u011bzdn\u00e9ho cestov\u00e1n\u00ed je pou\u017eit\u00ed Lehk\u00e9 plachty. Vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tlak sv\u011btla k pohonu. Ale p\u0159esto\u017ee lehk\u00e9 plachty poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm jsou ji\u017e \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak prozkoumat slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavu, nejsou dostate\u010dn\u011b rychl\u00e9 na pokryt\u00ed mezihv\u011bzdn\u00fdch vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed v p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9m \u010dase, co\u017e by se dalo zlep\u0161it pou\u017eit\u00edm siln\u00fdch laser\u016f. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee hnac\u00ed lasery by byly postaveny na Zemi nebo na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze, mezihv\u011bzdn\u00e1 kosmick\u00e1 lo\u010f bez plachty by nemusela n\u00e9st palivo na cestu, a tak by mohla b\u00fdt hmotnost kosmick\u00e9 lodi omezena. 4. Antiktern\u00ed raketa a \u010dern\u00e1 d\u00edra Tato raketa by vyu\u017e\u00edvala drastick\u00e9 reakce mezi hmotou a antihmotou. Antihmota by byla vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm raketov\u00fdm palivem, proto\u017ee jej\u00ed hustota energie je vysok\u00e1. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b se p\u0159irozen\u011b nevyskytuje, a tak by bylo pot\u0159eba ji pro tyto \u00fa\u010dely vyrobit. Dal\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak z\u00edskat energii na pohon rakety je vyu\u017eit\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u011b n\u00e1siln\u00e9ho rozkladu drobn\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry. Lze pro tyto \u00fa\u010dely vytvo\u0159it i um\u011bl\u00e9 \u010dern\u00e9 d\u00edry, kter\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed i n\u011bkolik let v kosmu. Vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 lo\u010f poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e1 mikroskopickou \u010dernou d\u00edrou s hmotnost\u00ed modern\u00edho supertankeru by se mohla do 20 dn\u016f urychlit na 10% rychlosti sv\u011btla.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4.6\/5 - (13 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"4 PROST\u0158EDKY, KTER\u00ddMI LZE LET\u011aT DO VESM\u00cdRU","item":"https:\/\/www.crho.cz\/4-prostredky-kterymi-lze-letet-do-vesmiru\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]